Short answer, before the detail: there is good reason to think oestrogen matters to skin, but there is no reliable evidence that putting oestrogen cream on your face improves it, the strongest supporting study was carried out on skin unlike facial skin, there is an unresolved safety question about the lining of the womb, and no product is licensed for this use in the UK. We are a medically led aesthetics practice in Cardiff, and our prescribers could write this prescription.

RF microneedling is everywhere, but the US FDA has warned of burns, scarring and facial fat loss after certain treatments. Why we've chosen not to use it on the face, who is most at risk, and the evidence-based alternative we use instead.

Nanofat is marketed as a stem cell facelift, but it contains no living fat cells and adds no volume at all. Two randomised trials found no sustained benefit past twelve months. We compare the published evidence with Sculptra, polynucleotides, PRP and hyaluronic acid filler, and explain what we do instead.

Same molecule, different technology. Julaine and Sculptra are both PLLA collagen biostimulators, but they don't behave the same way. Our Cardiff medical practitioner compares how each rebuilds your collagen — and how to choose the right one for your skin.